電影genre有哪些

1. 英語電影賞析的目錄

Chapter 1 History and Genre 電影史與電影類型
Chapter 2 Character and Performance 角色與表演
Chapter 3 Narrative 敘述
Chapter 4 Style 風格
Chapter 5 Critical Perspectives 評論角度
Chapter 6 Blockbuster Film(The Matrix) 強檔片：《駭客帝國》
Chapter 7 Comedy Film(Forrest Gump) 喜劇片：《阿甘正傳》
Chapter 8 Social Drama Film(American Beauty) 社會問題片：《美國麗人》
Chapter 9 Action Film(The Bond Films) 動作片：007系列電影
Chapter 10 Film Noir / Neo-Noir(Se7en) 黑色電影與新黑色電影：《七宗罪》
Chapter 11 Romance Film:(The English Patient) 愛情片：《英國病人》
Chapter 12 Gangster Film(The Godfather) 黑幫片：《教父》
Chapter 13 War Film(Apocalypse Now) 戰爭片：《現代啟示錄》
Chapter 14 Horror Film(The Shining) 恐怖片：《閃靈》
Chapter 15 Sc

2. 你知道電影有哪些分類嗎不同類別的電影英文該怎麼說

電影世界中的分類豐富多樣，不僅有我們熟知的中英文名稱，還包括了國際電影院中獨特的劃分。電影題材，即我們常說的Genre，是藝術、音樂和寫作中區分類型和主題的重要概念。在談論電影時，"genre" 是一個不可或缺的詞彙，它區分了動作、科幻冒險、愛情、恐怖、科幻犯罪、劇情、紀錄片、動作、喜劇、冒險、動畫、超級英雄、西部、戰爭等眾多類別。

例如，浪漫片用"romance"表示，而恐怖片則用"horror"或"thriller"來概括。科幻片（Science Fiction）和犯罪片（crime film）都屬於fiction類別，科幻片在青少年中尤其受歡迎，而《侏羅紀公園》和《英雄本色》分別代表了這兩個類型。劇情片（drama）強調故事的連貫性，如《無法觸碰》。紀錄片則以真實事件為主要內容，如《故宮》和《南京大屠殺》。

動作片作為熱門題材，如《蟻人2》結合了科幻和冒險元素。喜劇片包括傳統喜劇和喜劇愛情，如《讓子彈飛》和《唐伯虎點秋香》。冒險片常常融合多種元素，如《加勒比海盜》。動畫片如《米老鼠》和《貓和老鼠》則是賦予生命的藝術作品。超級英雄電影如《美國隊長》和《鋼鐵俠》則是Marvel漫威宇宙的代表。

西部電影雖然少見於日常討論，但涵蓋了現實主義和浪漫主義題材，如《與狼共舞》和《不可饒恕》。戰爭片如《敦刻爾克》和《拯救大兵瑞恩》則通過不同的視角展現了戰爭的緊張和殘酷。

3. 類型電影的分類(至少5個)

看電影的時候，經常說這個片是恐怖片那個是青春片，還有什麼苦情片亂七八糟的，看多了還有什麼類型反類型，讓人頭大如斗。那麼，類型片究竟是什麼？我想，看看提出這些類型的美國人是怎麼說的，至少有助於理清思路，做出自己的判斷。因此，找來wikipedia上關於電影類型（Cinematic Genre）的詞條，翻譯好貼在這里供同好參考。
這篇詞條基本上說清了一些東西，但也就是啟蒙水平，剛夠我這樣的業余愛好者掃盲（甚至連我都不能完全打發，比方說裡面就沒有提到校園片或曰青春片），所以也不用看得多麼權威。網上網路全書么，其實就是你我這樣的人寫的。至少，看完可以在互吹的時候多幾樣趁手的傢伙。
想看原文的，可以點擊這里，保證是全文轉載（wiki那點事兒，大家也都知道）。上附各子詞條的鏈接，可以深入了解。想用的盡管拿去，但請勿用於商業用途，再註上是本人翻譯即可

電影類型（Cinematic Genre）：

在電影理論中，類型是指（商業）影片分類的基本手段。一種「類型」通常是指構成影片的敘事元素有相似之處的一些電影。

影片類型劃分：

常用的劃分影片類型的標准有三個：場景、情緒、形式。場景是指影片發生的地點。情緒是指全片傳達的感情刺激。影片也可能在拍攝時使用特定設備或呈現為特定樣式，即形式。

●場景

·犯罪片：人物出現在犯罪行為領域

·黑色電影：主要人物出現在虛無主義、存在主義的領域，或用這樣的手法描寫主人公

·歷史片：發生在過去

·科幻片：人物出現在不同的現實中，通常是未來或太空

·體育片：體育項目以及屬於某項運動的場所

·戰爭片：戰場以及屬於某場戰爭的場所

·西部片：美國西部從殖民地時期到現代

●情緒

·動作片：通常包含一場「好」「壞」之間的道德爭斗，通過暴力或物理力量進行

·冒險片：包含危險、風險、和/或機遇，經常含有高度幻想

·喜劇片：試圖引發笑聲

·劇情片：主要關注角色的發展

·幻想片：現實之外的玄想虛構（例如：神話，傳奇）

·恐怖片：試圖引發觀眾的恐懼

·推理片：通過發現與解決一系列線索從未知到已知的前進過程

·愛情片：詳述浪漫愛情的元素

·驚悚片：試圖引發觀眾的興奮或緊張

●形式

·動畫片：通過手工或計算機製作的靜態圖片連續呈現製造的動態錯覺

·傳記片：不同程度改變事實基礎，將真人的生活戲劇化的影片

·紀錄片：對事件或人物的真實追蹤，用來獲得對某一觀點或問題的理解

·實驗電影（先鋒電影）：為測試觀眾反應或拓展影片製作/故事呈現的邊界創作出來後公映的影片

·音樂片：不時用所有或部分角色歌唱穿插的影片

·短片：在較短時間內努力包含「標准長度」影片的諸元素

●年齡

·兒童片：幼兒電影，與家庭片相比，並不試圖吸引幼兒以外的觀眾

·家庭片：試圖吸引各年齡層人士，且適合幼兒觀眾觀看。例如迪斯尼影片

·成人片：僅為成年觀眾准備的影片，內容可能含有暴力、使人不安的主題、淫穢語言或明確的性行為。成人片也可能作為色情片的同義詞使用

影片類型批評：

類型不是什麼？

影片分類手段除類型外還有其他標准。例如作者（auteur）標准根據導演劃分影片。有些分類標准也被隨意稱為類型，但這樣的定義是有問題的。例如，獨立電影有時被當作類型，但實際上獨立製作不能決定影片的故事情節，這樣的影片可以屬於任何類型。

有人認為類型需要與影片風格進行區別。影片的風格涉及攝影、剪輯、音響等，某種風格可以運用於任何類型。影片類型確定的是影片最明顯的內容，影片風格則確定用何方式將這（些）類型呈現於銀幕上。風格可以由情節結構、場景設計、燈光、攝影、表演以及其他有意圖的成片藝術元素決定。也有人說這種區分過於簡單化，因為有些類型主要是通過其風格識別。許多史家就黑色電影展開爭論，焦點在於其究竟是一種類型，還是只是全盛期常被效仿的一種影片製作風格。

影片類型可以定義嗎？

類型通常是一個模糊概念，沒有明確的界限。許多作品跨越了多種風格。就這一點，電影理論家史錄伯（Robert Stam）寫道：

一些持續存在的疑問始終困擾著類型理論。類型真的在世界中「在那兒」，還是僅僅是分析家的構造？類型有有限的分類法還是原則上是無限的？類型是時間無關的、柏拉圖式本質還是短暫的、受時間限制的實體？類型是受文化限制的還是跨文化的？……類型分析應該是描述性的還是說明性的？

……

有些類型是基於故事內容的（戰爭片），有些則是從文學（喜劇、情節劇）或其他媒體（音樂劇）借用而來。有些基於演員（阿斯泰-羅傑斯片）或票房（票房大片），有些則基於藝術狀態（藝術片）、種族身份（黑人片）、地域（西部片）或性取向（酷兒片）。（史錄伯2000，14）

許多類型是由觀眾或相應的支持出版物如雜志、網站建立的。難以用類型劃分的影片通常不太成功。因此，影片類型在行銷、批評與消費領域也有用處。

好萊塢故事顧問圖畢強（John Truby）說：「……你必須知道如何超越種類（類型），這樣才能給觀眾帶來原創與驚訝的感覺。」[1]有些編劇將類型作為決定劇本使用何種情節或內容的手段，他們通過學習某些類型的影片得到範例。這也是某些編劇得以將成功影片的元素復制到新劇本中的方法，但這類劇本通常原創性不足。正如圖畢所說，「編劇對寫類型劇本所知甚多，但未曾加工該類型的節奏，使其以原創面孔出現。」[2]

對編劇來說，違反既有作品中的元素，使用不同或相反的元素是有意義的。原創性與驚訝是形成優秀電影故事的元素。例如，義大利西部片為人所熟知就是因為顛覆了西部片的類型，讓好人既壞又好。在此之前，西部片有一些如今稱為類型俗套（genre clichés）的內容，例如好人戴白帽，壞人戴黑帽，好人永遠在決斗中勝出。在義大利西部片打破了類型「規則」後，俗套西部片也消失了。

4. 公路電影是什麼

公路電影(roadmovie)，主要是以路途反映人生的一類電影。1969年由丹尼斯·霍普執導，他和彼得·方達主演的《逍遙騎士》在美國瘋狂賣座，並由此產生了一種叫做公路電影的「准類型電影」。一般認為《逍遙騎士》為第一部公路電影。
公路電影（英語：Road Movie）或稱為公路片，是一種將故事主題或背景設定在公路上的電影類型，劇中的主角往往是為了某些原因而展開一段旅程，劇情會隨著旅程進展而深入描述主角的內心世界。
第一部華語公路電影是台灣導演虞戡平執導電影作品《台北神話》，後來又有何平的《國道封閉》，以及李志薔的《自行車上路》。另外台灣有一部類公路電影《十七號出入口》，大陸有張楊導演的《落葉歸根》。

5. 電影的類型有什麼我要英文的

Film Genres

I INTRODUCTION
Film Genres, categories of film characterized by frequently recurring patterns of form, style, and, particularly, subject matter. There is no clear consensus among film historians and critics on the number of genres, or on the line of demarcation between one genre and another. This must be borne in mind when considering the following list of major genres: Adventure; Biography; Comedy; Drama and Melodrama; Fantasy/Horror/Science Fiction; Gangster/Crime/Spy/Film Noir; Musical; Problem Picture; War; Western. Some commentators would argue that the category 「Gangster/Crime/Spy/Film Noir」 clearly incorporates two, if not more, distinct genres, as it could be seen to include films as diverse as The Maltese Falcon (John Huston, 1941) and Sunset Boulevard (Billy Wilder, 1950). Similarly, the old instry category 「Women's Pics」 straddles at least two classifications: Film Noir and Melodrama. Only the Hollywood cinema has been considered. Obviously, genres exist in the popular cinemas of other countries, although, apart from such clear-cut exceptions as samurai films of Japan or kung fu pictures from Hong Kong, the categories applied are normally derived from Hollywood. Clearly there are interesting differences between, say, a British crime film and an American example, but on the whole these have yet to be studied. Differences between genres tend to be identified more in terms of themes, stars, use of costumes, and settings and locations, than in terms of specific aspects of film-making practice such as editing.

II HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
In the days of the studio proction lines, placement of films within genres tended to be part of the thinking of studio executives in their decisions about proction and marketing policy, and were reiterated in the trade papers. Thus, notions about many film genres actually preceded explicit critical analysis. While critical accounts of a film genre tend, appropriately, to be descriptive, the same ideas in the mind of a procer or accountant are often prescriptive, based on a notion of what audiences will find acceptable in, say, a Western.

When critics started to analyse Hollywood films in depth, this link with the collective, entertainment, money-making aspect of the proction system, rather than its initially unrecognized personal, artistic dimension, contributed to an emphasis on the negative aspects of the genres, for example, the limits their conventions imposed on creativity. However, as Colin McArthur argued in his pioneering genre study Underworld USA (1972): 「the responses of film-makers and audiences to the genres seem to offer a good prime facie case for believing that they are animating rather than neutral, that they carry particular charges of meaning independently of whatever is brought to them by particular directors.」

Certainly, it seems unlikely to be coincidence that much of the finest work of Howard Hawks, John Ford, Anthony Mann, and, more recently Clint Eastwood, has been in the Western genre. Nevertheless, only minor or mediocre directors can be said to be defined by their relationship to a genre, and each of the four cited has inflected the genre in significantly different ways, both stylistically and thematically, as well as having done important work in other genres.

III DEVELOPMENT OF GENRES
Clearly film genres change over time as society, the audience, and the institutions of proction change. New stars come along, new themes emerge, new conventions of characterization evolve. The exact nature of these shifts is largely outside the conscious awareness of those responsible for bringing them about, however. The procer, director, writer, and star tend to think in terms of decisions that will make a work more interesting, or generate a more compelling star role, rather than how to modify the genre in response to shifts in society.

Some points relating the development of particular genres to changes in film technology are simple and obvious: there is nothing incongruous about a silent Western, and the genre has been on the screen since The Great Train Robbery (1903, directed by Edwin S. Porter), but the idea of a silent musical is obviously ridiculous, despite the fact that live musical accompaniment ensured that most cinemas were never really silent. Similarly, continually improving techniques for special effects have given new life to the Fantasy/Science Fiction/Horror genre, from 2001: A Space Odyssey (Stanley Kubrick, 1968) on through Star Wars (George Lucas, 1977), and Close Encounters of the Third Kind (Steven Spielberg, 1977) to the cycle of Alien films (Ridley Scott, 1979; James Cameron, 1986; David Fincher, 1992).

Popular films are not a simple reflection of the society that proced them: they are complex texts, systems of discourse certain strands of which bear traces of particular features of the society that generated them. Exactly what mechanisms are involved, however, varies from case to case, and may often be impossible to tease out. Thus, comparisons made between characteristics of the indivial genres, or between one era and another, must be provisional and tentative.

For example, in the 1930s, the great period of the gangster film, there were few major Westerns, and those there were came at the start and end of the decade. In the era of classic Hollywood cinema (from the late 1920s to the decline of the studio system around 1960) both these genres regularly involved conflicts between good and evil.

However, perhaps because part of the gangster film's concern was to indicate the social origins of crime, it is typically the gangster's journey the audience follows, and thus there is strong, if only partial, identification with him. His refusal to accept the restrictions of the urban environment, together with the energy of his indivialism, made him a dangerously fascinating, possibly sympathetic, character when contrasted with the less colourful representatives of law and order.

Indeed, this patina of charisma has persisted through to the present. It is part of the complex appeal of The Godfather series (Francis Ford Coppola: Part I, 1972; Part II, 1974; Part III, 1990), inviting the audience to collude with the actions of Michael Corleone. In the more pastoral world of the classic Western, on the other hand, the hero may have been a loner, but he normally represented the best values of the community. Moreover, it was his progress the audience followed, and thus it was he with whom it identified. Consequently, he was the one with charisma, rather than the villain, whose ultimate defeat and death were not mourned in the same way as the classic gangster's.

Though attempts to specify precisely where Western and gangster genres fit in an overall account of the generic categories of popular cinema are likely to generate academic controversy, all commentators agree on their existence as genres. This makes them appropriate choices for the accounts of generic difference and change given above. Though much has been left out, this is an example of the kind of analysis that can be made in relation to other genres.